America’s credit card roulette economy

From: POLITICO's Morning Money - Thursday Feb 23,2023 01:01 pm
Presented by Mortgage Bankers Association: Delivered daily by 8 a.m., Morning Money examines the latest news in finance politics and policy.
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POLITICO Morning Money

By Sam Sutton

Presented by Mortgage Bankers Association

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Let’s start with the good news.

Even after a year-plus of painful price increases, rising borrowing costs and a steady drumbeat of dire warnings about the state of the American economy, household finances are on relatively solid footing.

Revised GDP figures released later this morning are expected to show the economy grew by 2.9 percent during the fourth quarter. Wages are up, unemployment is down and as such — per the Federal Reserve’s Open Market Committee minutes released Wednesday — the “credit quality of households also remained strong, on balance.”

Here’s the less-good news: There are “some signs of deterioration.”

Delinquencies on Federal Housing Administration mortgages, though still near pre-pandemic lows, are starting to tick upward. The New York Fed is seeing signs that we could experience a “rapid return” to pre-Covid rates of lapsed auto and credit card bills, particularly among younger borrowers. Bank officers surveyed by the Fed expect more consumers to put off or completely forego loan payments as we move further into 2023.

Those tiny cracks in the foundation affect how households view the economy. And as more households feel the pinch — both from inflation and the elimination of whatever financial cushion they have — pessimism starts to grow.

A new survey from the financial services company Bankrate found that more than one-third of U.S. adults — 36 percent — say their credit card debt now outweighs what they have in emergency savings. That’s a record high in 12 years of polling.

“These data points are reflections of aspects of financial fragility,” Bankrate Senior Economic Analyst Mark Hamrick told MM. “With high and sustained inflation, savings have been drawn down. The outlook is that it'll probably continue to be drawn down further.”

“That is an inelegant mix. And it’s obviously prompted a good number of individuals to have to resort to credit card debt,” he added.

Another confounding factor: The Fed’s aggressive series of rate hikes to stamp out inflation have corresponded with higher borrowing costs for credit cards. Anyone who’s relied on plastic to keep pace with rising costs is taking a bigger hit if they fail to pay their bills on time.

Biden officials are quick to note that while there’s been some weakening in certain metrics, household finances – as the Fed minutes clearly stated – remain strong on balance.

“There are a number of economic indicators that show a strong labor market and resilient economy — from the more than 500,000 jobs created just last month to the lowest unemployment in 53 years to real wages higher than they were seven months ago. Compared to pre-pandemic averages, households remain better off on a number of key metrics of economic security. And as we’ve long noted, we should expect a cool down as we transition from rapid recovery to stable and steady growth,” White House Assistant Press Secretary Michael Kikukawa said in a statement.

Any small uptick in delinquencies, particularly from historically low levels, likely reflect an expansion of credit to those who’d been previously excluded from credit markets.

The question is how long that problem will be limited to subprime borrowers.

As rates continue to climb, the amount of disposable income that households use to pay down their debts is “likely to surpass and remain much higher than pre-pandemic levels,” EY Parthenon Chief Economist Gregory Daco wrote in a market commentary on Wednesday. That will represent a “real financial strain on households and consumer spending capacity.”

IT’S THURSDAY — And your MM host just put his rewards card in a locked drawer. Have tips, gossip or scoops? Let Sam know at ssutton@politico.com and Zachary at zwarmbrodt@politico.com.

 

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Driving The Day

Revised GDP will be released at 8:30 a.m. … Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic speaks at 10:50 a.m. … San Francisco Fed President Mary Daly speaks at 2 p.m. … The SEC has a closed meeting at 2 p.m.

X GON’ GIVE IT TO (SHORT TERM TREASURIES) — Our Caitlin Emma: “The federal government could default on its debt this summer or early fall, although the official date depends heavily on the upcoming tax season, the Bipartisan Policy Center said Wednesday.”

AT LEAST SOME RATES ARE FALLING — Our Katy O’Donnell: “The Biden administration on Wednesday moved to cut the cost of mortgages for low-income and minority borrowers, in a victory for lenders and housing advocates at a time of instability in the market.

“The Federal Housing Administration will slash 30 basis points off its annual mortgage insurance premium, reducing the fee it charges homebuyers from 0.85 percent to 0.55 percent for most new borrowers. The reduction will save the average homebuyer with an FHA-insured loan about $800 a year.”

NEW OVERSIGHT TARGET — From Zach: “House GOP lawmakers are launching a sweeping oversight effort aimed at ferreting out how agencies across the federal government weigh the potential impact on small businesses when crafting regulations … The targets include the EPA, the DOL, the IRS and the CFPB. In the letters, committee Republicans cite examples where they said agency regulatory work has fallen short when it comes to small business impact.”

First in MM: The crypto war — Sanctions and shutdowns haven’t stopped a surge of funds from being processed by high-risk Russian crypto exchanges,according to a new report from the blockchain analytics firm TRM Labs.

New marketplaces have sprung up to take the place of Hydra — which was shut down by German authorities last year — indicating that the crackdown has had “little impact” on darknet venues in the year since Russia invaded Ukraine, according to the report. “The conflict appears to have led criminals to embrace Russia as a safe haven outside the reach of Western sanctions and law enforcement.”

Speaking of crypto, it’s deadline day for Gensler — Zach reports that SEC Chair Gary Gensler has until this afternoon to meet a House GOP deadline to turn over documents related to the arrest of former FTX CEO Sam Bankman-Fried, who was taken into custody on the eve of his scheduled appearance before the House Financial Services Committee.

House Financial Services Chair Patrick McHenry and an oversight subcommittee led by Rep. Bill Huizenga made the records their first big SEC oversight target earlier this month. They can try to subpoena the info if Gensler doesn't comply.

“We expect the SEC to fulfill our request," McHenry spokesperson Laura Peavey said.

 

A message from Mortgage Bankers Association:

There’s no place like home. Mortgage servicers have helped more than 7.5 million families stay in their homes during a national economic crisis fueled by a global pandemic. Servicers are the most important conduit for relief for distressed borrowers and the primary means by which they can recover financially and remain in their home. Mortgage servicers stand ready to help. Learn more: mba.org/lossmitigation.

 
Markets

YIELD’S UP, EVERYTHING ELSE DOWN — WSJ’s Matt Grossman: “U.S. government debt has reversed its early-year rally, sending Treasury yields higher than where they finished 2022. That is threatening to end a brief reprieve for stocks and riskier types of bonds, which both languished last year as yields climbed rapidly.”

NICE WORK IF YOU CAN GET IT — From Sam: “Former Pennsylvania Republican Sen. Pat Toomey will join the board of Apollo Global Management next month … Toomey, who served in the House before leading the Republican caucus on the powerful Senate Banking Committee, is a longtime defender of light-touch regulation for private markets and financial services businesses.”

— More Apollo news: They might be Credit Suisse Group AG’s lifeline for spinning off its investment banking arm First Boston, per Bloomberg’s Gillian Tan.

MIAMI — Bloomberg’s Paulina Cachero: “After peaking at $47.7 trillion in June, the total value of US homes declined by $2.3 trillion, or 4.9%, in the second half of 2022 … The biggest declines were in pricey cities like San Francisco and New York, while buyers who moved to pandemic boomtowns are still seeing the returns on their investment, particularly in Florida.”

— Bloomberg’s Hannah Levitt: “Wells Fargo & Co. cut hundreds of jobs in its mortgage unit this week.”

Report: Black depository institutions lag in digital services — Black banks and credit unions have been slow to adopt online and mobile applications, which limits their ability to deliver financial services to their communities, according to a new report from the Urban Institute. Just 36 percent of Black minority depository institutions offer mobile applications, compared 65 percent of non-Black MDIs and non-MDIs. Barely half of Black MDIs have an informational website.

 

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In Congress

PAPER CHASE — Top Republicans are demanding that SEC Chair Gary Gensler “turn over reams of internal deliberations” to justify the agency’s proposed climate disclosure rule, reports Eleanor Mueller. The rule "exceeds the SEC’s mission, expertise and authority and, if finalized in any form, will unnecessarily harm consumers, workers and the U.S. economy,” wrote House Financial Services Chair Patrick McHenry (R-N.C.), Rep. Bill Huizenga (R-Mich.) and Sen. Tim Scott(R-S.C.) in a letter on Wednesday.

“Gensler is using the SEC as a tool to advance the administration’s partisan agenda and is refusing to answer to Congress and the American people,” Scott, the top Republican on Senate Banking, told MM. “This must stop.”

THAT SONG OFF “REVOLVER” — Our Brian Faler: “Rep. Jason Smith hasn’t been chair of the House Ways and Means Committee very long, but he’s already done something rare for a Republican: He’s struck fear into the heart of corporate tax lobbyists. The Missouri lawmaker is making it clear he isn’t the sort of Chamber of Commerce Republican his side usually picks for this job. He is going out of his way to let corporate America know he’s not terribly concerned with its problems, even if its taxes are going up substantially, while promising a lot more scrutiny of its relations with China.”

 

A message from Mortgage Bankers Association:

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Crypto

FOUR IN FIVE DENTISTS RECOMMEND — Our Bjarke Smith-Meyer: “Crypto companies are getting away with the kind of advertising and marketing that more traditional forms of financial products can’t. The practice is largely unregulated, meaning firms who have mastered the art of appealing to basic emotions — the fear of missing out (FOMO in millennial-speak) or the temptation to try to get rich overnight — are having a field day … Currently, all regulators can do is talk tough.”

Fly Around

China pledged a deeper partnership with Russia on Wednesday as President Joe Biden reaffirmed security assurances for NATO's "frontline" eastern members, highlighting global tensions as the anniversary of Russia's invasion of Ukraine approaches. — Reuters’s Guy Faulconbridge and Nandita Bose

Central banks should build a single digital record-keeping system to make financial payments cheaper, more efficient and programable – ideally, in a way that emulates how smartphones work. — Our Bjarke Smith-Meyer

 

A message from Mortgage Bankers Association:

Mortgage servicers stand ready to help.

Mortgage servicers have helped more than 7.5 million families stay in their homes during a national economic crisis fueled by a global pandemic. Servicers are the most important conduit for relief for distressed borrowers and the primary means by which they can recover financially and remain in their home. Mortgage servicers are working to help preserve affordable homeownership for struggling borrowers and protect their communities. Learn more: mba.org/lossmitigation.

 
 

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